Prior to processing natural gas from its pure form into liquid natural gas (LNG), undesirable components such as solids, mineral oil coal particles and heavy hydrocarbons are largely removed. Nevertheless, small quantities of these components can reach the compressors installed at the end of the purification process and which transport the natural gas into the pipeline to the liquefaction plant.

This article addresses the normal and excessive leakage rates of mechanical seals in main pipeline pumps that transport Natural Gas Liquids such as ethane, propane, butane and various mixtures of these liquids.

The development of renewable energy sources is being driven forward worldwide. Next to wind, solar, geothermal and hydroelectric energy, marine energy is emerging as an increasingly important renewable energy source. This process entails generating energy from marine currents with compact turbine systems.